Juan Gris :: essays research papers

Juan Gris was born in 1887. He was a Spanish born French painter who went to the cubist school. Originally his name was Jose Vittoriano Gonzalez, he was born in Madrid and educated there. He left Madrid in 1906 and went to Paris, making the acquaintance of Spanish artist Pablo Picasso and of the French painter Georges Braque. Gris's first cubist paintings, generally more calculated than those of Picasso and Braque, appeared in 1912. He spent the next summer in Cà ©ret, France, with Picasso, and while there adopted the use of papier collà ©, shapes cut from paper and glued to the canvas. During World War I (1914-1918) he worked in Paris he had his first one-man exhibition in Paris in 1919. From 1922 to 1924 he designed settings for two ballets of the Russian producer Sergey Diaghilev, Les tentations de la bergà ¨re (The Temptations of the Shepherdess) and La colombe (The Dove), as well as continuing work on his own paintings. After 1925 he worked mainly on gouaches, watercolors, and illustrations for books. Some of his famous works include Portait of Josee, The Table and The Open window.Portrait of Josette was created in 1916 and is now in the Musea del in Prado, Madrid. This was deffinetly one of Gris's greatest achievements. The portrait of Josette is based on his studies after Corot and Cezanne. To perfection he seemed to create a stunning mixture of the foreground and the background. This beauty is accomplished through color patterns that ensemble different spatial planes. The blacks which are used around the bosom, butox and leg are used to enhance this women's shapely figure. The transparency does not result in an illusion of depth instead it acts as something to join the planes together. The table was created in Spring of 1914. Today it is located in Philadelphia in the Museum of Art. The surfaces of collages such as The Table are nearly entirely covered with a wide variety of overlapping papers. These fragments, moreover, are now deployed in increasingly complex ways: the shape of a piece of paper may correspond to the shape of the depicted object or it may itself provide a ground for figuration, whether drawn, painted, or in the form of additional, superimposed collage elements. And Gris continued to appropriate materials for their literal representational function as mere images, as he had in his earliest collages.

Productivity Measurement at National, International and Firm Level

Productivity Measurement at International, National and organization level. PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT Productivity measurement is the quantification of both the output and input resources of a productive system. The goal of productivity measurement is productivity improvement, which involves a combination of increased effectiveness and a better use of available resources. While productivity can be given the sort of short hand definition as the ratio between output and input USE OF PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES Productivity is a required tool in evaluating and monitoring the performance of an organization, especially a business organization.When directed at specific issues and problems, productivity measures can be very powerful. In essence, productivity measures are the yardsticks of effective resource use. Managers are concerned with productivity as it relates to making improvements in their firm. Proper use of productivity measures can give the manager an indication of how to improve produc tivity: either increase the numerator of the measure, decrease the denominator, or both. Managers are also concerned with how productivity measures relate to competitiveness.If two firms have the same level of output, but one requires less input this is due to a higher level of productivity, that firm will be able to charge a lower price and increase its market share or charge the same price as the competitor and enjoy a larger profit margin. Within a time period, productivity measures can be used to compare the firm's performance against industry-wide data, compare its performance with similar firms and competitors, compare performance among different departments within the firm, or compare the performance of the firm or individual departments within the firm with the measures obtained at an earlier time.Productivity measures can also be used to evaluate the performance of an entire industry or the productivity of a country as a whole. These are aggregate measures determined by com bining productivity measures of various companies, industries, or segments of the economy. NATIONAL LEVEL MEASUREMENT Since productivity is one of the basic variables governing economic production activity some mention of national productivity concerns would be appropriate. As a matter of fact, productivity may be the most important variable governing economic production activity.It is the fundamental controllable factor in wealth production. Since other economic variables depend on it, increasing productivity tends to have a beneficial multiplying effect on other economic variables. Improving productivity is of national importance because, for a society to increase its standard of living, it must first increase productivity. Overall productivity for individual countries is calculated by dividing output, as measured by GDP or GNP, by the country's total population.Thus, productivity is measured as the dollar value per capita outputs. An increase in this measure of productivity means that each person in the country, on average, produced more goods and services. Also if productivity increases, then profits increase. The resulting profits can then be used to pay for wage increases (inherent in inflation) without having to raise prices. In this way, productivity gains actually help curb inflation. It has been estimated that technology was responsible for at least half of the growth in productivity.It would appear, then, that if the country wants to continue to increase productivity, technology may be the key. ORGANIZATION LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT For an individual firm or industry, measures of gross output, combined with labour, capital and intermediate inputs, correspond directly to a specific model of a production function with â€Å"neutral† or â€Å"output-augmenting† technical change. When multifactor productivity[MFP] measures are based on such a gross-output concept, MFP growth approximates the rate of neutral, disembodied technical chan ge.Alternatively, MFP measures could be based on a value-added concept where value added is considered a firm’s output and only primary inputs are taken as a firm’s input. Value- added based productivity measures reflect an industry’s capacity to contribute to economy- wide income and final demand. In this sense, they are valid complements to gross-output based measures. At the aggregate level of the economy, gross-output and value-added based measures converge when gross-output measures are defined as sectoral output.Sectoral output is a measure of production corrected for deliveries within a given sector. From this perspective also, gross-output and value-added based measures are complements. A useful strategy in the development of productivity measures is to start with aggregate value-added based productivity measures: the necessary data tends to be relatively easily available and the choice between gross output and value added makes less difference than at t he detailed industry level.INTERNATIONAL LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT NEED Interlinked monetary systems Technology/ service transfer Domestic and regional competitions Valuable tool for evaluation Problems of Productivity Measurements at International Level In exchange rate measurements (often prices of similar goods not compared). All industrial level data not available. Social, Political, cultural factors not included. Data for developing countries is lacking.

Memento Film Analysis Paper Essay

Memento (2001), a film that was written and directed by Christopher Nolan, has captivated the attention of movie and puzzle enthusiasts everywhere. Some may call it a Drama or Mystery, or even a Thriller or a Neo-Noir film, whatever the case is, this film fits most, if not all, of these categories. Memento is a film about a man, Leonard Shelby who lives his life with Anterograde Amnesia which leaves him incapable of making new memories. He spends the time in this film putting pieces of a puzzle together that will hopefully lead him to find the man who raped and killed his wife. Christopher Nolan takes us through a crazy journey that involves twists and turns, Fear and Anxiety and even a feeling of Paranoia that leaves us questioning who we should really trust in the film. This psychological mystery allows us to see the film as neo-noir because of the flawed protagonist which is reflected in the main character, Leonard. With the disability our main character and narrator has, it might give some viewers a feeling of uneasiness and may even not trust him entirely which gives the feeling of paranoia in not knowing who in the film is telling us the truth and who is lying to us. The story is told in a confusing way, if one were to not pay attention for a short period of time, it may be certain that you will be lost in the film. One has to truly pay up most attention in order to fully process everything that is going on, one viewing may not even be enough, a second viewing may help us catch things that were previously missed or even hidden in plain sight, but the film keeps us with the anxiety of wanting to know what happens next which allows this film to catch our attention even after one viewing. Memento is a film that can fall under many genres of film, I will however, be focusing on the genres of Drama, Mystery and Thriller. The film includes many different elements which allow the film to fall under these three main genres. A drama is often described as a film â€Å"that relies on the emotional and relational development of realistic characters. † Most of the emotional development could be seen through the characters of Leonard and Natalie, who seem to develop an intimate relationship. This is in a way hinted to us during a scene where we see Leonard waking up in bed next to Natalie. Drama is also seen when â€Å"dramatic themes play a huge role in the plot. See more: how to write an analysis paper on an article examples † Leonard is often questioning what the truth is and what isn’t, thanks to his rare case of amnesia he is often seen to be in conflict with himself and those around him. The purpose of a drama is to tell an honest story of human struggles; the struggles that Leonard goes through could be the same that one may go through when faced with the rare case of amnesia. The Mystery genre seems to be thrown at us with the many examples that we are given throughout the entire film. A mystery usually â€Å"centers on a person of authority, usually a detective that is trying to solve a mysterious crime. † The crime that is trying to be solved is the murder of Leonard’s wife, the murder is shrouded with mystery not only because of Leonard’s inability to remember, but also because of the very limited clues that we’re given. This genre could also tie into other genres such as Crime Fiction, Revenge, and Crime Thriller. The biggest element that the mystery genre has is the feeling of â€Å"whodunit†. This â€Å"whodunit† is usually described as the story that gives the identity of the murderer at the end. Memento also fits under the genre of Thriller which usually revolves around the anticipation and suspense in a film. They do this in their genres in order to keep the audience wanting more or for that edge of their seat excitement. Christopher Nolan does an excellent job with this genre; the way the film was presented helps this genre so much more. With the story being told to us backwards we want to know why things are happening, often times other films have us wondering what will happen next, but this film has us thinking, what happened before the event that we just saw. With the many genres presented, it’s no surprise that Memento would have an element of  confusion to it. The story itself may be confusing, but I rather want to talk about the characters within the film. Leonard Shelby suffers from a rare case of Anterograde Amnesia, according to the science section of the website HowStuffWorks. com anterograde amnesia means you have difficulty of making new memories and absorbing new information. Leonard Shelby being our main narrator throughout the film, we seem to trust and believe everything he tells us, this is due to the fact that we are so used to watching films that tell us that the narrator is a reliable subject. Leonard Shelby having this handicap makes us feel some sort of sympathy for him which makes believe he is reliable, but having a condition where you cannot remember how a conversation began once it has ended, leaves us wondering how can we believe this man if he can’t even remember how he got to the point in which he is now. We watch the film thinking of who is lying to us, who is telling us the truth, what’s going to happen, towards the end we seem to build a trust with our main narrator because we’ve seen the struggle he’s gone through and the situations  he’s had to face in order to find the murder who killed his wife. To our surprise, once we get reach the ending of the film, which in reality is the beginning, we see that Leonard has been lying to us the entire time. Character development in a film is crucial because it allows us to see who we can categorize to be the â€Å"good guy† or the â€Å"bad guy†, the non-linear narrative presented to us in Memento allowed Christopher Nolan to play with the way he presented his characters and make us believe the people who were truly lying to us.

Snapshot of a Television Programme

The Usurper La Usurpadora (translated: The Usurper) is a Mexican romantic drama telenovela produced by Salvador Mejia Alejandre and originally broadcast on Televisa in 1998. It starred Gabriela Spanic and Fernando Colunga. This was one of the last telenovelas to feature Libertad Lamarque, who here portrayed the character of Abuela Piedad Bracho.The action:The show's premise revolves around a pair of twin sisters, Paola and Paulina, who were separated at birth, and as adults the younger sister is forced to act as a â€Å"replacement† for her wealthier elder sister who wants to leave her family for selfish reasons. Paulina is a good young woman who lives in poverty. Paola is an evil stepmother of two who is married to a wealthy man named Carlos Daniel Bracho. When the twins cross paths by chance, Paola blackmails Paulina to take Paola's place in the Bracho home while she takes a year-long vacation with her lover.Abandoned by her fiance Osvaldo and following the death of her sick mother, Paulina submits to Paola's plan. Paulina has to adapt to a family that is beyond her social standing and cope with various family members who have long borne ill-will to the nasty Paola. During this time, Paulina is shocked to discover how Paola has treated her family and works hard to restore peace. Carlos Daniel is suspicious of â€Å"Paola†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœs sudden character change, but eventually comes to love her. Paulina too falls for him. Many other problems occur during this time, mostly with Paulina having to deal with scorned lovers of Paola.Right before the one-year mark passes, the truth comes out prematurely when Luciano, who knew about the switch, reveals it to Carlos Daniel and his family. Paulina sneaks out of the Bracho home soon after. Carlos Daniel's son Carlitos runs away from home to search for her, and is involved in an accident that erases his memory. He is taken into the care of two old sisters named Chavela and Senobia, while the majority of the Bracho family wrongly suspect that he has been kidnapped by Paulina. Paola returns to the Bracho home, unaware that the entire family knows about the switch and suspect her of â€Å"conspiring† with Paulina to kidnap Carlitos.She eventually learns the truth from a servant, and decides to leave with another lover of hers named Douglas Maldonado. Elsewhere, Paulina, who had been working as a caretaker for an old woman, learns from a newspaper that Carlitos is missing and decides to return to the Bracho home. Paulina returns, missing Paola's escape by a few seconds. Paulina immediately confides in Abuela Piedad, telling her the whole story. They figure out that Paola has left, and Abuela begs Paulina to pretend to Paola again, so to avoid her arrest for identity theft and Carlitos' suspected kidnapping.Paulina agrees, but soon reveals to Carlos Daniel that she is â€Å"La Usurpadora†. Carlos Daniel under Gema's influence, demands Paulina turn herself in to the police, but when she goes to the police station, she sees Carlitos at the front doors crying. It turns out that Chavela left him there to avoid Senobia claiming any money. Paulina reunites Carlitos with his father, and decides to stay with the Bracho family until Carlitos regains his memory. Carlos Daniel soon grows to love Paulina, despite others still at odds with her.Bracho family members Gema and Willy report Paulina to the authorities, but because the police are unable to prove she is not Paola, they cannot detain her. In Hawaii, Paola begins to have painful migraines which happen with increasing severity. After a very painful migraine, she slips into a coma. She is flown back to Mexico for treatment, but her body has given out and she is completely paralyzed. With Paola back, the police arrest Paulina and put her in prison for identity theft and child kidnapping; they also accuse her of having tried to kill Paola.The police discover a letter written by the Paola and Paulina's mother confirming that they are twins and the circumstances by which they were separated. Upon learning that they are indeed sisters, Paulina decides to sacrifice herself for her dying sister accepting all charges; the kidnapping charge is dropped when Carlitos regains his memory and confesses to running away. With the aid of lawyer Edmundo Serano, a reformed Osvaldo and some members of the Bracho family, Paulina is declared innocent of all charges. She tries to make a new life for herself with her lawyer Edmundo Serano, who has fallen in love with her.In the hospital, a nurse named Elvira discovers that Paola was faking her illness as part of a plan to return to the Bracho family. Elvira and Paola work together to fake a rapid recovery. After the trial, Paola returns to the Bracho home, though she is â€Å"confined† to a wheelchair. Carlos Daniel leaves town to try and make a new life for himself, leaving Paola behind to torment the rest of the family. After Paola fully â€Å"recovers† from her illness, Elvira realizes the extent of Paola's evil and confesses their trickery to Abuela.Paola witnesses this confession and tricks Elvira into driving out with her to a remote location. When Paola reveals she knows the truth, there is a fight which leads to an accident. Elvira dies and Paola remains in critical condition. On her deathbed Paola confesses her wrongdoings and asks everyone's forgiveness. Before taking her final breath, Paola pleads Paulina to marry Carlos Daniel and go back to the Bracho home. Paola is later cremated. Paulina decides to leave Edmund Serano and return to Carlos Daniel.They marry in a beautiful church as the theme song plays on and family and friends look on and applaud their holy union. Characters Paulina Martinez, played by Gabriela Spanic, is a kind and thoughtful woman from Cancun, Mexico that is forced by her elder twin sister to take her place in the Bracho Manor as Carlos Daniel's wife. Paulina rises above the situation and wins over the love and respect of almost everyone who had previously hated Paola. However, Paulina starts to fall in love with the Bracho family and finds it difficult in her heart to leave. She eventually marries Carlos Daniel after Paola dies.Paola Bracho, also played by Gabriela Spanic, is the twin sister of Paulina Martinez and the second wife of Carlos Daniel Bracho. She desires nothing more than money, luxury and freedom, and usually uses her feminine charm to get them. She is unfaithful to Carlos Daniel, who does not see her true nature for a long time. When she discovers her twin sister by accident, she uses this knowledge to ensure that she can have a year-long fling with her lover without being caught. She eventually returns from her holiday and accuses Paulina of deliberately usurping her position in the Bracho household.Her plans fail and she eventually dies in a car accident. She is later seen in flashbacks in Mas Alla De La Usurpadora where she tells Paulina that she will die a nd they both meet in hell. (Paulina had just found out she got Cancer) Paola Bracho towards the end of the series Carlos Daniel Bracho, played by Fernando Colunga, is the husband of Paola after his first wife Elizabeth died, leaving him with two little children named Carlitos and Lizet. He is the youngest of the two Bracho sons. He is kind but indecisive, emotionally weak, and easily manipulated by others.He eventually falls in love with Paulina and marries her after the death of Paola. Abuela Piedad, played by Libertad Lamarque, is Carlos Daniel's grandmother. She was an alcoholic until Paulina rescues her from it, making Piedad once again the powerful head of the Bracho Manor as before. She realizes Paulina and Paola have switched places, but accepts Paulina nonetheless. Lic. Edmundo Serrano, played by Arturo Peniche, is the man who becomes Paulina's lawyer when she is accused of usurpation by Paola. He falls in love with Paulina, but she rejects his affections.Estefania Bracho, p layed by Chantal Andere, is Carlos Daniel Rodrigo's step sister. Her true mom is Fidelina. Dona Chabela, played by Silvia Derbez, is the woman who rescues Carlitos. Lourdes, played by Iran Eory. Luis Felipe Benitez â€Å"Mojarras†, played by Rene Munoz. Zoraida Zapata, played by Laura Zapata is the prosecutor in court at the trial of Paulina for usurpation. Elvira, played by Azela Robinson, is Paola Bracho's personal nurse. Played by Azela Robinson. Rodrigo, played by Marcelo Buquet is Carlos Daniel's brother. He manages the Bracho factory. His wife is Patricia Bracho.Gema Duran Bracho, played by Dominika Paleta, is Carlos Daniel's cousin and is in love with him. Luciano Alcantara, played by Mario Cimarro Fidelina is Abuela Piedad's personal assistant. She is played by Magda Guzman. Willy is played by Juan Pablo Gamboa, is Estefania's husband. He is also one of Paola's lovers and he abuses his wife. Lalita, played by Paty Diaz, is Paola Bracho's personal assistant and confide nt. She used to receive tips from Paola when doing any special favor for her. She is also the maid in the Manor. Paula, played by Nuria Bages, is Paulina's mom. She died after a long illness.Pedro, played by Franz Beckenbauer Pancho, played by Silvio Berlusconi Last Lover, played by Sergio Basanez, Paola's last lover. My opnion: La Usurpadora is a great telenovela. Every episode has it’s own action, emotion; in the end everything gets back to normal; it is very interesting and sometimes funny. This is my favourite soap opera. In the other way my favorite actress is Gabriela Spanic (born Gabriela Elena Spanic Utrera, 10 December 1973, Santa Fe, Mexico City, Mexico), popularly known as Gaby Spanic, is an award-winning mexican actress best known for her roles in telenovelas.She studied psychology, but she knew all the time that her real passion is acting. In 1992, she participated in a beauty pageant, and won the title of â€Å"Miss Venezuela International†. Her career re ceived a major boost in the mid 90s when she started having leading roles in Venezuelan soaps. She won the Orquidea Award in 2005 for her trajectory as an actress, as well as the prestigious FAMAS Award for Best Actress for her role in ‘Tierra de Pasiones'.

The ideas of John Keynes(1936) are extremely relevant to the current Essay

The ideas of John Keynes(1936) are extremely relevant to the current macroeconomic situation in the UK(situation of recent 5 years). Discuss - Essay Example Economics is the science of wealth creation and it involves formulation of theories that are debated and tested leading to some being accepted, rejected or modified. They all involve the question of what to produce using the scarce resources, how to ensure stable prices with full employment and how to ensure and provide a raising living standard for the people today and tomorrow.( Sloman 2010) John Keynes was (1883-1946) was a British economist whose ideas greatly impacted on the modern day macro economics with an effect on the British social liberalals. In 1936 he broke from the classical theory of economics with the publication of the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money that advocated for an interventionist policies by the government. The main tool by which the government will intervene included the fiscal and monetary policy to mitigate against the adverse effects of capitalism that is recession, depression and business cycles. His theories are what are known as the Keynesian theory of economics. For the classical view held that in a recession that wages and salaries would decline to restore full employment, but Keynes held that the opposite was true. Falling prices and wages depresses peoples incomes thus preventing a revival of spending. Keynes insisted that a direct government spending was necessary to increase the spending. In his theory one persons sp ending goes towards another earnings thus when he/she is spending her money she/he is infect supporting another’s earning and the circle continues and this is what helps and support the normal function of an economy. When a depression hits, people hoard money and this action deprives the economy of money in circulation making it to be at a stand still. These ‘crunch’ can be best corrected by the government intervention so as

Db3 =employee compensation and benefit Research Paper

Db3 =employee compensation and benefit - Research Paper Example This is attributed to the fact that once employees are introduced to the incentive programs, there would be a demand to increase the value of the incentives over time. In most situations, an organization may not be in a position to increase the value of the incentives thus limiting the effectiveness of this particular behavioral change tool. Introduction of the incentive system may have both negative and positive impacts on an organization culture. For instance, Hope & Fraser (2003) point out that the strategy may increase employee competitiveness in an organization and at the same time increase reliability of incentives to influence performance. There are limited long term benefits of implementing incentives programs. With increasing demand on increasing the value of incentives, an organization may be faced with increased expenditure and employee conflict in a long term basis. Bratton & Gold (2007) however, point out that an organization’s culture may benefit from the increasing level of competitiveness of the employee in terms of increased output. It is an obvious assumption that once an incentive program is implemented, it would be a major setback if the program is retracted. Employees in an organization may have a psychological notion based on reliance on incentives for performance. Hope & Fraser (2003) argue that this would negatively affect the employees’ approach on

Crohn's Disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Crohn's Disease - Research Paper Example Ulcerative colitis only involves the colon and affects only the superficial layers of its inner lining (mucosa) in a uniform distribution, starting from the anus. Conversely, Crohns disease may appear at any part of the digestive tract—from the mouth down to the anus, but most commonly at the lower part of the small intestine (ileum), involving perhaps all layers of the intestine, with normal healthy bowel between sections of diseased bowel. (National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse 1) Although the exact root of Crohns disease is still a mystery, the condition is associated with a problem in the reaction of the bodys immune system called an autoimmune disorder, where the immune system is unable to distinguish between normal and foreign bodies. (Longstreth) According to Dr. Schoenfeld and Dr. Wu, the cells and proteins composing the immune system, normally defend the body against foreign invaders, such as harmful bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc. by being launched, causing inflammation—an important defense mechanism of the system, within the tissues where activation occurs, and triggered only in the presence of harmful invaders; furthermore, continued and abnormal activation of the immune system in the absence of the said foreign bodies results to chronic inflammation and ulceration. Whether this abnormality in the immune system response is a cause or a consequence of Crohns disease is yet to be determined by scientists, but research shows that a number of fact ors—genetic inheritance, the immune system itself, and the environment, have to with the aforementioned inflammation in the digestive tract. (NDDIC 2) NDDIC (2) has affirmed that it was found out that people with Crohns disease have high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a protein produced by the immune system.